How do most mammals primarily cool themselves in hot weather?

Mammals primarily cool themselves in hot weather through panting. This physiological response allows them to regulate their body temperature effectively. When a mammal pants, it increases the rate of breathing, enabling moisture in the mouth and respiratory tract to evaporate. The evaporation process removes heat from the body, thereby cooling the blood circulating through it.

While other behaviors such as resting in shade, swimming, and finding water can help with cooling, they are not as universally adopted across mammal species. Panting is particularly essential for mammals that may not have access to water or shade at all times, making it a critical mechanism for thermoregulation in various environments. This response is commonly seen in dogs and other species, especially in situations where traditional sweating might be less effective. Understanding this mechanism highlights the importance of behavioral adaptation to heat stress in mammals.